Yes but the days of going to Radio shack, Circuit City or even Best Buy to buy hardware for unethical purposes was in the early 2000'sBut again to my point, it actually was never at all "hard" to obtain hackable satellite hardware, particularly of the DTV variety. Box stores were loaded with the stuff. It only required money, but a few 100 was nothing to someone salivating over getting all of those channels unlocked. Dealers were getting pallets of the stuff and some were separating cards from rx's and hacking themselves or sending them out. They had customers willing to pay ~$1,000.00. Hacking was at one time so synonymous with DTV that it was common water cooler fare.
Again for DiSH I seem to remember there was some kind of a circuit board adapter that would be inserted into the card slot to use a card "emulator," rather than simple hack and reinsertion of stock card. Not simple, not unobtrusive, and not widely deployed. DiSH fought its own piracy though a series of card swaps, but I don't think it was because the cards themselves were being hacked and reinserted like with DTV. DiSH had an advantage in its security being inherently harder to crack. I believe that really the only reason it was at all was from a Nagra insider selling secrets.
FTA was "sold all over the place" but was still never mainstream in any way close to volumes of DTV & DiSH.
As installations became more complex, and we got into multi room systems with free installation under the lease model, most big box stores went to an installation certificate model. You either went to one of these stores, either signed up in the store and a DIRECTV/DISH installer would being out and install your hardware with a contract, or you bought a piece of paper with an 800 number on it which allowed you to sign up for service. There would be a promotion code on the piece of paper, which would give the store credit for making that sale.
As far as DISH's system eventually being broken, there was rumor going around that it was DIRECTV who broke their system to take the pressure off DIRECTV about doing something about their own issues, With both systems being compromised, there was no more finger pointing. Besides by the late 2000's DISH was the more desirable service to have.
I am not going to get into the different methods out there, but when several FTA manufactures where importing equipment by the hundreds of thousands that was perfectly legal, we will really never know how bad the problem really was at the time.
DISH was never really able to shut down the FTA boxes, or they would have done so. Instead DISH's way of shutting down these boxes was through litigation, and through their signal integrity department which did nothing except threaten people with lawsuits and try to get people to settle with them for a few thousand dollars and then post a press release on their sat scams website.