arite i need to reread this a few times to make sure I get everything, but If im understand you right, what you want to do is as follows.
1. Skip the cable inputs on the surge protector, they cause nothing but problems with any digital system these days, dish, cable etc.
2. Im just not clear if your HD Adapter is from Comcast or if its an over the air type thing, In order to get your HD Nationals, you need the HD box from comcast, channels are in the 800s
but yes, hook it up with hdmi
2b. If the hd box is from comcast, depending on which market you live in, you may get a box that doesnt have an HDMI out, and only uses component, RGB RW, in that case call in and bitcch and have them mail you a new box. But hook yours up in the meantime.
3. Yep as long as the directv has a seperate coax feeding the sat in, your good there, hdmi from the box into the tv
4. R-W-Y cables from dtv into vcr is fine, thats your best bet for the quality of using a vcr, but why not just get the dvr? then you dont need to worry about more cables.
5. the cable (coax) running from your hd adapter to your tv is not needed, and may be removed
6. If you have another set of R-W-Y cables run them from the out of your vcr into your tv.
7. No coax should be connected to the back of your tv, your inputs should be HDMI1 HDMI2 AV1 or whatever the Composite input is labeled as.
Cheers.